How to calculate material requirement for concrete

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  Let's see how to calculate material requirement for concrete.

For example we take M20 concrete.

M20 concrete

Where 20 is the compressive strength.
M- mix design. The mix ratio for M20 concrete is 1:2:4. 1stands for cement, 2 stands for fine aggregate, 4 stands for coarse aggregate. There is thumb rule for plain cement concrete and reinforced cement concrete that is the total volume of plain cement concrete is 1.52 cubic metre and for reinforced concrete the total volume of mixture is 1.57 cubic metre.

Plain cement concrete is laid by using 40 mm size blue metal in maximum cases. Reinforced cement concrete is laid by 20 mm size blue metal in maximum cases. The blue metals used for both concrete are free from dust and foreign substances.

Let's see the calculation for reinforced concrete m20

For M 20 concrete
The total volume of mixture is 1.57 cubic metre. The mix ratio of M20 concrete is 1:2:4 the sum of mix is 1+2+4 =7 . Let's see the calculation for cement, in mix ratio the term 1is cement so 1/7 ×1.57 = .0.22 cubic metre.
Where 1 is cement, 7 is the sum of mix ratio and 1.57 is volume of mixture for reinforced cement concrete.
For fine aggregate 2/7×1.57= 0.44 cubic metre.
For coarse aggregate 4/7×1.57 = 0.89 cubic metre.
Water should be river water for one cubic metre one thousand litre of water is used.

Therefore for M20 concrete the material requirement is
Cement - 0.22 cubic metre
Fine aggregate - 0.44 cubic metre
Coarse aggregate - 0.89 cubic metre
Water - 1000 litre

Thank you..

Concrete Mix ratio

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Designing before laying concrete to any building is mandatory one, designing of concrete is mentioned in mix ratio, concrete mix are M5, M10, M15, M20, M25 and after that design mix.

The term M means mix. 5 means compressive strength. A concrete cube is prepared using M5 mix ratio then it is cured for 28 days. It is tested in compressive strength testing machine. The compressive strength is 5 n/mm square means it is M5 concrete.

The mix ratio of concrete are

M5 - 1:5:10
M10 - 1:4:8
M15-  1:2:4
M20 - 1:1.5:3
M25 - 1:1:2

Let's see what is M20 means

The term M means mix

1:1.5:3 means cement:fine aggregate:coarse aggregate

Fine aggregates are sand , m sand
Coarse aggregates are blue metals.

Normally M5 and M10 mix are used for plain cement concrete. M15, M20, M25 are used for reinforced cement concrete. After M25 mix the mix ratio of concrete is according to designing..

How to calculate requirement of cement:fine aggregate:coarse aggregates
Let's see that in next topic.

Thank you.

Stages in building construction

Planning

Planning should be done before the start of construction. Normally planning are done by architect and civil engineer according to the client requirements.

Site cleaning

Site should be cleaned using dozers. It should be free from trees ,plants and other obstacles.

Earth work excavation

Excavation should be done manually or by excavator. The depth must be up to hard strata.

Plain cement concrete

After the excavation pcc should be laid up to 6 inch depth length and breadth should be according to site conditions

Rcc column footing

Footing should be laid according to structural design using specified cement, sand, aggregate and steel

Plinth beam

Plinth beam is mandatory to avoid seepage through soil also it distribute loads evenly to the columns. Plinth beam should be laid using proper design mix concrete.

Basement

Basement level must be higher than ground level of the plot. Normally  basement is constructed using brick work. The brick should be 1st class brick.

Consolidation of soil for flooring

The basement is filled using necessary gravel and it is consolidated using water for two days. It will close the pores in soil and load bearing capacity will be high..

Super structure

Super structure of building is constructed using 1st class bricks or solid blocks with proper cement mortar.. necessary openings would be given for doors and windows. Normal super structure height from bottom of roof is 10 foot.

Roof

Concrete is good for roof. It is suitable for any climatic condition. Reinforcement as been given with necessary grade. Normally roof are constructed above 10 foot height from the basement.

Parapet wall

Parapet wall are constructed using brick work with proper cement mortar. Steel hand rails are also used for parapet. Parapet wall height should be 3feet from top of the roof.